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SPANISH CIVIL WAR
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In the 1930s, Spanish politics were polarized at the left and right of the political spectrum. The left-wing favored class struggle, land reform, autonomy to the regions and reduction in church and monarchist power. The right-wing groups, the largest... |
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SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC (1931–1939)
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Under the Second Spanish Republic, women were allowed to vote in general elections for the first time. The Republic devolved substantial autonomy to the Basque Country and to Catalonia.The first governments of the Republic, were center-left, headed b... |
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WORLD WAR I
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Spain's neutrality in World War I allowed it to become a supplier of material for both sides to its great advantage, prompting an economic boom in Spain. The outbreak of Spanish influenza in Spain and elsewhere, along with a major economic slowdown i... |
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DISASTER OF 1898
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Cuba rebelled against Spain in the Ten Years' War beginning in 1868, resulting in the abolition of slavery in Spain's colonies in the New World. American interests in the island, coupled with concerns for the people of Cuba, aggravated relations betw... |
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THE RESTORATION (1874–1931)
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Although the former queen, Isabella II was still alive, she recognized that she was too divisive as a leader, and abdicated in 1870 in favor of her son, Alfonso, who was duly crowned Alfonso XII of Spain. After the tumult of the First Spanish Republi... |
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FIRST SPANISH REPUBLIC (1873–1874)
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Following the Hidalgo affair, Amadeus famously declared the people of Spain to be ungovernable, and fled the country. In his absence, a government of radicals and Republicans was formed that declared Spain a republic. The republic was immediately und... |
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SPAIN IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY (1814–1873)
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Although the juntas that had forced the French to leave Spain had sworn by the liberal Constitution of 1812, Ferdinand VII openly believed that it was too liberal for the country. On his return to Spain, he refused to swear by it himself, and he cont... |
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NAPOLEONIC WARS: WAR OF SPANISH INDEPENDENCE (1808–1814)
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Spain initially sided against France in the Napoleonic Wars, but the defeat of her army early in the war led to Charles IV's pragmatic decision to align with the revolutionary French. Spain was put under a British blockade, and her colonies—for the f... |
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ENLIGHTENMENT SPAIN UNDER THE BOURBONS (18TH CENTURY)
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Philip V was the first Bourbon king, of French origin. Concern among other European powers that Spain and France united under a single Bourbon monarch would upset the balance of power led to the War of Spanish Succession between 1701 and 1714. It pit... |
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THE GOLDEN AGE (SIGLO DE ORO)
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The Spanish Golden Age (in Spanish, Siglo de Oro) was a period of flourishing arts and letters in the Spanish Empire (now Spain and the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America), coinciding with the political decline and fall of the Habsburgs (Phi... |
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